diff --git a/src/seconv/Core/SubtitleConverter.cs b/src/seconv/Core/SubtitleConverter.cs
index 96d9ebb7379..d5dfa6141da 100644
--- a/src/seconv/Core/SubtitleConverter.cs
+++ b/src/seconv/Core/SubtitleConverter.cs
@@ -252,24 +252,6 @@ private async Task<ConversionResult> ConvertVobBatchAsync(List<string> vobFiles,
             outputBase = Path.Combine(outputFolder, stem + ".sub");
         }
 
-        // Overwrite check is best-effort against the base path. Multi-stream DVDs land
-        // additional outputs at <stem>.<n>.sub which we can't predict without parsing —
-        // those existing files will be overwritten silently. Acceptable for now since
-        // multi-stream DVDs are rare and the user opted into the batch by passing all VOBs.
-        if (!options.Overwrite)
-        {
-            var pair = new[] { outputBase, Path.ChangeExtension(outputBase, ".idx") };
-            foreach (var p in pair)
-            {
-                if (File.Exists(p))
-                {
-                    result.Errors.Add($"Output file already exists: {p}. Pass --overwrite to replace it.");
-                    result.FailedFiles = vobFiles.Count;
-                    return result;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
         if (!options.Quiet)
         {
             var label = vobFiles.Count == 1
@@ -283,7 +265,7 @@ private async Task<ConversionResult> ConvertVobBatchAsync(List<string> vobFiles,
             // IsPal — there's no single reliable auto-detect from VOB alone (would need
             // IFO parsing). Default to PAL to match the GUI's batch converter. Future
             // work: add --vob-pal/--vob-ntsc and/or read VIDEO_TS.IFO.
-            var outputs = VobSubExtractor.Extract(vobFiles, outputBase, isPal: true);
+            var outputs = VobSubExtractor.Extract(vobFiles, outputBase, isPal: true, overwrite: options.Overwrite);
             result.SuccessfulFiles = vobFiles.Count;
             // Report the first stream's output path against each input VOB. With multiple
             // streams there's no clean 1:1 mapping back to inputs, but the OutputFile slot
diff --git a/src/seconv/Core/VobSubExtractor.cs b/src/seconv/Core/VobSubExtractor.cs
index f608f2d1f9c..45bd158e4f5 100644
--- a/src/seconv/Core/VobSubExtractor.cs
+++ b/src/seconv/Core/VobSubExtractor.cs
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ public sealed record StreamOutput(string Path, int StreamId, int Written);
     /// <c>movie.0.sub</c>, <c>movie.1.sub</c>, …) and the matching .idx is
     /// written alongside each one.
     /// </summary>
-    public static IReadOnlyList<StreamOutput> Extract(IReadOnlyList<string> vobFiles, string subOutputPath, bool isPal)
+    public static IReadOnlyList<StreamOutput> Extract(IReadOnlyList<string> vobFiles, string subOutputPath, bool isPal, bool overwrite = true)
     {
         if (vobFiles.Count == 0)
         {
@@ -72,15 +72,15 @@ public static IReadOnlyList<StreamOutput> Extract(IReadOnlyList<string> vobFiles
             .OrderBy(g => g.Key)
             .ToList();
 
+        var outputPaths = BuildOutputPaths(subOutputPath, streams.Count);
+        EnsureOutputFilesCanBeWritten(outputPaths, overwrite);
+
         var outputs = new List<StreamOutput>(streams.Count);
         for (var i = 0; i < streams.Count; i++)
         {
             var streamId = streams[i].Key;
             var streamPacks = streams[i].OrderBy(p => p.StartTime.Ticks).ToList();
-
-            var outputPath = streams.Count == 1
-                ? subOutputPath
-                : InsertStreamIndex(subOutputPath, i);
+            var outputPath = outputPaths[i];
 
             var written = WriteOneStream(streamPacks, outputPath, isPal, streamId);
             outputs.Add(new StreamOutput(outputPath, streamId, written));
@@ -100,6 +100,47 @@ private static string InsertStreamIndex(string subOutputPath, int index)
         return Path.Combine(dir, $"{stem}.{index}.sub");
     }
 
+    internal static IReadOnlyList<string> BuildOutputPaths(string subOutputPath, int streamCount)
+    {
+        if (streamCount <= 0)
+        {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        if (streamCount == 1)
+        {
+            return [subOutputPath];
+        }
+
+        var outputPaths = new List<string>(streamCount);
+        for (var i = 0; i < streamCount; i++)
+        {
+            outputPaths.Add(InsertStreamIndex(subOutputPath, i));
+        }
+
+        return outputPaths;
+    }
+
+    internal static void EnsureOutputFilesCanBeWritten(IReadOnlyList<string> outputPaths, bool overwrite)
+    {
+        if (overwrite)
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        foreach (var outputPath in outputPaths)
+        {
+            var idxPath = Path.ChangeExtension(outputPath, ".idx");
+            foreach (var path in new[] { outputPath, idxPath })
+            {
+                if (File.Exists(path))
+                {
+                    throw new IOException($"Output file already exists: {path}. Pass --overwrite to replace it.");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     private static int WriteOneStream(IReadOnlyList<VobSubMergedPack> packs, string outputPath, bool isPal, int streamId)
     {
         var screenWidth = 720;
diff --git a/tests/seconv/Core/VobSubExtractorTest.cs b/tests/seconv/Core/VobSubExtractorTest.cs
index a08ef9720cb..06507780c2e 100644
--- a/tests/seconv/Core/VobSubExtractorTest.cs
+++ b/tests/seconv/Core/VobSubExtractorTest.cs
@@ -79,4 +79,37 @@ public async Task ConvertAsync_VobInput_WithVobSubTarget_AttemptsExtraction()
         // No "input file too large" leak.
         Assert.DoesNotContain("too large", result.Errors[0]);
     }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void EnsureOutputFilesCanBeWritten_MultiStream_NoOverwrite_ProtectsNumberedOutputs()
+    {
+        var outputBase = Path.Combine(_tempRoot, "movie.sub");
+        var outputPaths = VobSubExtractor.BuildOutputPaths(outputBase, 2);
+        Assert.Equal(Path.Combine(_tempRoot, "movie.0.sub"), outputPaths[0]);
+        Assert.Equal(Path.Combine(_tempRoot, "movie.1.sub"), outputPaths[1]);
+
+        var existing = Path.ChangeExtension(outputPaths[1], ".idx");
+        File.WriteAllText(existing, "keep-me");
+
+        var ex = Assert.Throws<IOException>(() =>
+            VobSubExtractor.EnsureOutputFilesCanBeWritten(outputPaths, overwrite: false));
+
+        Assert.Contains(existing, ex.Message);
+        Assert.Equal("keep-me", File.ReadAllText(existing));
+        Assert.False(File.Exists(outputPaths[0]));
+        Assert.False(File.Exists(outputPaths[1]));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void EnsureOutputFilesCanBeWritten_MultiStream_DoesNotBlockUnusedBasePath()
+    {
+        var outputBase = Path.Combine(_tempRoot, "movie.sub");
+        File.WriteAllText(outputBase, "unrelated-existing-base");
+
+        var outputPaths = VobSubExtractor.BuildOutputPaths(outputBase, 2);
+        VobSubExtractor.EnsureOutputFilesCanBeWritten(outputPaths, overwrite: false);
+
+        Assert.Equal("unrelated-existing-base", File.ReadAllText(outputBase));
+    }
+
 }