diff --git a/.github/workflows/main.yml b/.github/workflows/main.yml
index c98e8c79b..70b5080c3 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/main.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/main.yml
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     env:
       JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS: -Xmx4g
-    timeout-minutes: 15
+    timeout-minutes: ${{ matrix.timeout-minutes || 15 }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
         include:
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ jobs:
             api-level: 31
             target: default
             arch: x86_64
+            timeout-minutes: 20
           - os: ubuntu-24.04
             api-level: 34
             target: aosp_atd
diff --git a/__tests__/sdk-installer.test.ts b/__tests__/sdk-installer.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b89176de4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/__tests__/sdk-installer.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import { parseCmdlineToolsMajorRevision } from '../src/sdk-installer';
+
+describe('cmdline-tools revision parser tests', () => {
+  it('Parses the major revision of the cmdline-tools preinstalled on ubuntu-24.04', () => {
+    const sourceProperties = ['Pkg.UserSrc=false', 'Pkg.Revision=12.0', 'Pkg.Path=cmdline-tools;12.0', 'Pkg.Desc=Android SDK Command-line Tools', ''].join('\n');
+    expect(parseCmdlineToolsMajorRevision(sourceProperties)).toBe(12);
+  });
+
+  it('Parses the major revision of the cmdline-tools bundled with the action', () => {
+    const sourceProperties = ['Pkg.UserSrc=false', 'Pkg.Revision=23.0', 'Pkg.Path=cmdline-tools;23.0', 'Pkg.Desc=Android SDK Command-line Tools', ''].join('\n');
+    expect(parseCmdlineToolsMajorRevision(sourceProperties)).toBe(23);
+  });
+
+  it('Returns null if the revision is missing', () => {
+    const sourceProperties = ['Pkg.UserSrc=false', 'Pkg.Desc=Android SDK Command-line Tools', ''].join('\n');
+    expect(parseCmdlineToolsMajorRevision(sourceProperties)).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it('Returns null if the revision is malformed', () => {
+    expect(parseCmdlineToolsMajorRevision('Pkg.Revision=unknown')).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it('Returns null for empty source properties', () => {
+    expect(parseCmdlineToolsMajorRevision('')).toBeNull();
+  });
+});
diff --git a/lib/sdk-installer.js b/lib/sdk-installer.js
index d84759889..e17676cc4 100644
--- a/lib/sdk-installer.js
+++ b/lib/sdk-installer.js
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ var __importStar = (this && this.__importStar) || (function () {
     };
 })();
 Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+exports.parseCmdlineToolsMajorRevision = parseCmdlineToolsMajorRevision;
 exports.installAndroidSdk = installAndroidSdk;
 const core = __importStar(require("@actions/core"));
 const exec = __importStar(require("@actions/exec"));
@@ -44,6 +45,15 @@ const BUILD_TOOLS_VERSION = '37.0.0';
 const CMDLINE_TOOLS_VERSION = '16111833';
 const CMDLINE_TOOLS_URL_MAC = `https://dl.google.com/android/repository/commandlinetools-mac_x86_64-${CMDLINE_TOOLS_VERSION}_latest.zip`;
 const CMDLINE_TOOLS_URL_LINUX = `https://dl.google.com/android/repository/commandlinetools-linux-${CMDLINE_TOOLS_VERSION}_latest.zip`;
+// keep in sync with CMDLINE_TOOLS_VERSION
+const CMDLINE_TOOLS_MIN_MAJOR_REVISION = 23;
+/**
+ * Returns the major revision of an installed cmdline-tools package from the content of its `source.properties`, or `null` if the revision cannot be determined.
+ */
+function parseCmdlineToolsMajorRevision(sourceProperties) {
+    const match = /^Pkg\.Revision=(\d+)/m.exec(sourceProperties);
+    return match ? Number(match[1]) : null;
+}
 /**
  * Installs & updates the Android SDK for the macOS platform, including SDK platform for the chosen API level, latest build tools, platform tools, Android Emulator,
  * and the system image for the chosen API level, CPU arch, and target.
@@ -54,10 +64,19 @@ async function installAndroidSdk(apiLevel, systemImageApiLevel, target, arch, ch
         const isOnMac = process.platform === 'darwin';
         const isArm = process.arch === 'arm64';
         const cmdlineToolsPath = `${process.env.ANDROID_HOME}/cmdline-tools`;
-        if (!fs.existsSync(cmdlineToolsPath)) {
-            console.log('Installing new cmdline-tools.');
+        const sourcePropertiesPath = `${cmdlineToolsPath}/latest/source.properties`;
+        // a preinstalled cmdline-tools too old to parse minor API levels such as android-37.1 must be replaced, not kept
+        const installedRevision = fs.existsSync(sourcePropertiesPath) ? parseCmdlineToolsMajorRevision(fs.readFileSync(sourcePropertiesPath, 'utf8')) : null;
+        if (installedRevision === null || installedRevision < CMDLINE_TOOLS_MIN_MAJOR_REVISION) {
+            if (installedRevision === null) {
+                console.log('Installing new cmdline-tools.');
+            }
+            else {
+                console.log(`Replacing cmdline-tools revision ${installedRevision} with revision ${CMDLINE_TOOLS_MIN_MAJOR_REVISION}.`);
+            }
             const sdkUrl = isOnMac ? CMDLINE_TOOLS_URL_MAC : CMDLINE_TOOLS_URL_LINUX;
             const downloadPath = await tc.downloadTool(sdkUrl);
+            await io.rmRF(`${cmdlineToolsPath}/latest`);
             await tc.extractZip(downloadPath, cmdlineToolsPath);
             await io.mv(`${cmdlineToolsPath}/cmdline-tools`, `${cmdlineToolsPath}/latest`);
         }
diff --git a/src/sdk-installer.ts b/src/sdk-installer.ts
index b284269d4..044156385 100644
--- a/src/sdk-installer.ts
+++ b/src/sdk-installer.ts
@@ -9,6 +9,16 @@ const BUILD_TOOLS_VERSION = '37.0.0';
 const CMDLINE_TOOLS_VERSION = '16111833';
 const CMDLINE_TOOLS_URL_MAC = `https://dl.google.com/android/repository/commandlinetools-mac_x86_64-${CMDLINE_TOOLS_VERSION}_latest.zip`;
 const CMDLINE_TOOLS_URL_LINUX = `https://dl.google.com/android/repository/commandlinetools-linux-${CMDLINE_TOOLS_VERSION}_latest.zip`;
+// keep in sync with CMDLINE_TOOLS_VERSION
+const CMDLINE_TOOLS_MIN_MAJOR_REVISION = 23;
+
+/**
+ * Returns the major revision of an installed cmdline-tools package from the content of its `source.properties`, or `null` if the revision cannot be determined.
+ */
+export function parseCmdlineToolsMajorRevision(sourceProperties: string): number | null {
+  const match = /^Pkg\.Revision=(\d+)/m.exec(sourceProperties);
+  return match ? Number(match[1]) : null;
+}
 
 /**
  * Installs & updates the Android SDK for the macOS platform, including SDK platform for the chosen API level, latest build tools, platform tools, Android Emulator,
@@ -30,10 +40,18 @@ export async function installAndroidSdk(
     const isArm = process.arch === 'arm64';
 
     const cmdlineToolsPath = `${process.env.ANDROID_HOME}/cmdline-tools`;
-    if (!fs.existsSync(cmdlineToolsPath)) {
-      console.log('Installing new cmdline-tools.');
+    const sourcePropertiesPath = `${cmdlineToolsPath}/latest/source.properties`;
+    // a preinstalled cmdline-tools too old to parse minor API levels such as android-37.1 must be replaced, not kept
+    const installedRevision = fs.existsSync(sourcePropertiesPath) ? parseCmdlineToolsMajorRevision(fs.readFileSync(sourcePropertiesPath, 'utf8')) : null;
+    if (installedRevision === null || installedRevision < CMDLINE_TOOLS_MIN_MAJOR_REVISION) {
+      if (installedRevision === null) {
+        console.log('Installing new cmdline-tools.');
+      } else {
+        console.log(`Replacing cmdline-tools revision ${installedRevision} with revision ${CMDLINE_TOOLS_MIN_MAJOR_REVISION}.`);
+      }
       const sdkUrl = isOnMac ? CMDLINE_TOOLS_URL_MAC : CMDLINE_TOOLS_URL_LINUX;
       const downloadPath = await tc.downloadTool(sdkUrl);
+      await io.rmRF(`${cmdlineToolsPath}/latest`);
       await tc.extractZip(downloadPath, cmdlineToolsPath);
       await io.mv(`${cmdlineToolsPath}/cmdline-tools`, `${cmdlineToolsPath}/latest`);
     }