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ZWiley
Data_Structures_Algorithms
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linked-list-cycle.cpp
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master
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Data_Structures_Algorithms
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linked-list-cycle.cpp
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// Given a linked list, return the node where the cycle begins. If there is no cycle, returnnull.
// Follow up:
// Can you solve it without using extra space?
/**
* Definition for singly-linked list.
* struct ListNode {
* int val;
* ListNode *next;
* ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
* };
*/
// 思路:
// 1)同linked-list-cycle-i一题,使用快慢指针方法,判定是否存在环,并记录两指针相遇位置(Z);
// 2)将两指针分别放在链表头(X)和相遇位置(Z),并改为相同速度推进,则两指针在环开始位置相遇(Y)。
// 证明如下:
// 如下图所示,X,Y,Z分别为链表起始位置,环开始位置和两指针相遇位置,则根据快指针速度为慢指针速度的两倍,可以得出:
// 2*(a + b) = a + b + n * (b + c);即
// a=(n - 1) * b + n * c = (n - 1)(b + c) +c;
// 注意到b+c恰好为环的长度,故可以推出,如将此时两指针分别放在起始位置和相遇位置,并以相同速度前进,当一个指针走完距离a时,另一个指针恰好走出 绕环n-1圈加上c的距离。
// 故两指针会在环开始位置相遇。
class Solution {
public:
ListNode *detectCycle(ListNode *head) {
if (head == NULL)
{
return 0;
}
ListNode* slow = head;
ListNode* fast = head;
while (fast != NULL && fast->next != NULL)
{
slow = slow->next;
fast = fast->next->next;
if (slow = fast)
{
break;
}
}
if (fast == NULL || fast->next == NULL)
{
return NULL;
}
slow = head;
while (slow != fast)
{
slow = slow->next;
fast = fast->next;
}
return slow;
}
};
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