diff --git a/bend2/comp.ts b/bend2/comp.ts
index 64dbc33669..fa709b7510 100644
--- a/bend2/comp.ts
+++ b/bend2/comp.ts
@@ -2712,6 +2712,8 @@ function effect_src(k: Name, tld: Bend.Def & { i: string[] }): void {
 // WL_LOAD is a ladder: clang is O(n^2) on a fallthrough switch.
 
 function c_units(): Unit[] {
+  const lists = tld_of("Array.to_list.go")?.b
+    && new Set(FL.book.tmps["Array.to_list.go"]?.values());
   for (const [k, tld] of [...done_defs().reverse(),
     ...done_defs(def_foreign)]) {
     unit_new(k, () => {
@@ -2719,6 +2721,27 @@ function c_units(): Unit[] {
       FL.unit!.segs.push(dl.seg);
       if (def_foreign(tld)) {
         emit_put(dl, null, val_new([ctr_build(dl, k, dl.seg.params)], BOX));
+      } else if (lists && lists.has(k)) {
+        const [a, acc] = vals.flatMap((v) => val_own(v));
+        const T = adt_of(fun_of(k).live[0][2]).x[0];
+        const el = lay_el(T);
+        const stride = 2 ** lay_arr(el).lgs;
+        const [loc] = emit_hold(dl, [arr_loc(dl, a)], "at");
+        const i = name_local(dl, "i");
+        const poll = name_local(dl, "poll");
+        file_push(dl, `u32 ${poll} = 0;`);
+        fact_when("ctr", "Con", () => facts_ctr(k, FL.book.ctrs.Con,
+          adt_of(tele_unbind(tld.T).ret).x));
+        block(dl, `for (u32 ${i} = 1u << blk_cls(${a}); ${i} >= ${stride}u;) {`, () => {
+          file_push(dl, `if (err_spun(e.mem, &${poll})) { return 0; }`,
+            `${i} -= ${stride}u;`);
+          const v = arr_cells(dl, loc, i, el,
+            `blk_shr(${a}) ? blk_keep(e, $) : e.mem[$]`);
+          const con = ctr_build(dl, "Con", [val_box(dl, v), acc]);
+          file_push(dl, `${acc} = ${con};`);
+        });
+        file_push(dl, `blk_free(e, ${a});`);
+        emit_put(dl, null, val_new([acc], BOX));
       } else {
         emit_body(dl, fun_of(k).h!, tld.T, vals, null);
       }
diff --git a/tests/compile/array_to_list_device.bend b/tests/compile/array_to_list_device.bend
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f64a9c4e4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/compile/array_to_list_device.bend
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import Base
+
+def vals(a: Array<U32>) -> U32:
+  List.foldl(~&1, ~U32, ~U32, ~(s => x => (s * 31 + x : U32)), Array.to_list(~U32, a), 0)
+
+def texts(xs: List<String>) -> Nat:
+  match xs:
+    case []: 0n
+    case h <> t: (String.length(h) + texts(t) : Nat)
+
+def boxed(p: Array<String> & Array<String>) -> U32:
+  (a, b) = p
+  xs = Array.to_list(~String, a)
+  ys = Array.to_list(~String, Array.set(String, b, 0, "changed"))
+  U32.from_nat((texts(xs) + texts(ys) : Nat))
+
+def fan(+d: Nat, +x: U32) -> U32:
+  match d:
+    case 0n:
+      (vals(Array.set(U32, [x : U32*8n], 6, (x + 1 : U32))) + boxed(Array.fork(String, [U32.show(x) : String*4n])) : U32)
+    case 1n+p:
+      a b = fan(p, x) fan(p, (x + 1 : U32))
+      (a + b : U32)
+
+def main() -> U32:
+  fan!(6n, 42)
+
+#|2578033920
diff --git a/tests/compile/array_to_list_flat.bend b/tests/compile/array_to_list_flat.bend
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e4fb23ddb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/compile/array_to_list_flat.bend
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import Base
+
+type Shape is Data:
+  Z{}
+  W{x: U32, y: U32}
+  S{text: String}
+
+def shape(x: Shape) -> String:
+  match x:
+    case Z{}: "z"
+    case W{x, y}: U32.show(x) ++ ":" ++ U32.show(y)
+    case S{text}: text
+
+def shapes(xs: List<Shape>) -> String:
+  match xs:
+    case []:
+      ""
+    case h <> t:
+      shape(h) ++ "/" ++ shapes(t)
+
+def nums(xs: List<U32>, +s: U32) -> U32:
+  match xs:
+    case []: s
+    case h <> t: nums(t, (s * 10 + h : U32))
+
+def funcs(xs: List<(U32 -> U32)>, +s: U32) -> U32:
+  match xs:
+    case []: s
+    case h <> t: funcs(t, (s * 10 + h(3) : U32))
+
+def box(n: U32) -> Array<(U32 -> U32)>:
+  ALeaf{x => (n + x : U32)}
+
+def shared(p: Array<Shape> & Array<Shape>) -> String:
+  (a, b) = p
+  xs = Array.to_list(~Shape, a)
+  ys = Array.to_list(~Shape, Array.set(Shape, b, 0, S{"changed"}))
+  shapes(xs) ++ "|" ++ shapes(ys)
+
+def run(+n: U32) -> IO(Unit):
+  a = Array.set(Shape, Array.set(Shape, [Z{} : Shape*4n], 1, W{n, 2}), 2, S{U32.show(n)})
+  f = Array.to_list(~(U32 -> U32))
+  do IO<Unit>:
+    Unit <- IO.print(U32.show(nums(Array.to_list(~U32, Array.set(U32, [n : U32*4n], 2, 3)), 0)))
+    Unit <- IO.print(U32.show(funcs(f(ANode{box(n), box(2)}), 0)))
+    Unit <- IO.print(shared(Array.fork(Shape, a)))
+    Unit <- IO.print(shapes(Array.to_list.go(~Shape, ALeaf{S{U32.show(n)}}, [S{"tail"}])))
+    IO.print(Nat.show(List.length(&1, Unit, Array.to_list(~Unit, [Unit{} : Unit*4n]))))
+
+def main() -> IO(Unit):
+  run(4)
+
+#|4434
+#|75
+#|z/4:2/4/z/|changed/4:2/4/z/
+#|4/tail/
+#|4