diff --git a/SITE.md b/SITE.md index f34e60e..293bdcb 100644 --- a/SITE.md +++ b/SITE.md @@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ The documentation is English-only. - Sensor Placement - Data Quality - Earthquake Early Warning +- Landslide Monitoring with GNSS - IoT Approach ### Support diff --git a/docs/concepts/data-quality.md b/docs/concepts/data-quality.md index b82cd00..ec62ab5 100644 --- a/docs/concepts/data-quality.md +++ b/docs/concepts/data-quality.md @@ -91,10 +91,18 @@ Compare arrival times across stations and review time-source telemetry. Timing q 5. Exclude or down-weight unsuitable channels in processing rather than hiding problems. 6. Revalidate after relocation, firmware changes, power work, or antenna changes. -Grillo Cloud shows device health, a live waveform and spectrogram, and recorded waveforms with their gaps. For calibrated spectra, completeness statistics, and detailed quality analysis, use your own seismic software on the downloaded or streamed data. +## Data quality with Grillo sensors + +- **Health and uptime:** Grillo Cloud shows each sensor's online status, last report, signal, power, and a [connection history](/dashboard/sensors/sensor-details#connection-history) of interruptions and reboots. Use it to separate "the sensor stopped" from "the data path stopped". +- **Waveforms:** with the [SISTEM add-on](/events), Grillo Cloud shows a live waveform and spectrogram, and recorded waveforms with their gaps marked. You can [download the samples](/dashboard/data/waveforms) for your own analysis. +- **Timing:** Grillo Pulse and Grillo One set their clocks from network time (NTP). Data recorded in the first minutes after power-on, before the clock is set, may be mis-timed. +- **Values:** waveforms in Grillo Cloud are raw counts, not calibrated ground motion. Convert them with the instrument response before comparing amplitudes between sensor types. + +For calibrated spectra, completeness statistics, and detailed quality analysis, use your own seismic software on the downloaded data, or [send the data to your own server](/dashboard/data/data-server). ## Further reading - [EarthScope: MUSTANG Quality Assurance](https://service.iris.edu/mustang/) - [Sensor placement](/concepts/sensor-placement) - [Pulse troubleshooting](/hardware/grillo-pulse/troubleshooting) +- [Grillo One troubleshooting](/hardware/grillo-one/setup#troubleshooting) diff --git a/docs/concepts/iot-approach.md b/docs/concepts/iot-approach.md index 72cdf2d..217603d 100644 --- a/docs/concepts/iot-approach.md +++ b/docs/concepts/iot-approach.md @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Different sensing technologies serve different objectives: - Geophones and short-period seismometers improve sensitivity to weaker local and regional signals over their useful frequency range. - Broadband instruments support weak and long-period observations required by many research networks. -Grillo Pulse combines a vertical geophone with a triaxial MEMS accelerometer. A mixed network can also combine Pulse with other station types, provided processing uses correct responses, sample rates, orientations, and channel metadata. +Grillo Pulse combines a vertical geophone with a triaxial MEMS accelerometer, and Grillo One uses a triaxial MEMS accelerometer alone. A mixed network can also combine Pulse with other station types, provided processing uses correct responses, sample rates, orientations, and channel metadata. Avoid broad labels such as “consumer-grade” or fixed magnitude thresholds. Sensor usefulness depends on noise, coupling, gain, frequency response, distance, geology, and the target signal—not price category alone. @@ -49,6 +49,12 @@ Avoid broad labels such as “consumer-grade” or fixed magnitude thresholds. S - Depends on credentials, radio coverage, interference, and access-point policy - Credential recovery can require site access if not designed carefully +### Local radio mesh + +- Lets battery-powered devices share one internet connection, as Grillo Slide rovers do through their base +- Each device needs radio reach to a neighbour, which depends on terrain and vegetation +- Devices can sleep between scheduled cycles, saving power at the cost of latency + No communication path should be assumed reliable without site testing. Network operations should distinguish “the sensor is sampling” from “the server is receiving data.” ## Edge and central processing @@ -79,9 +85,10 @@ A connected station is an operational system. Plan for: ## Grillo architecture -Grillo Cloud manages projects, claimed sensors, station metadata, device health, and waveform data. Its SISTEM add-on processes seismic observations into events. - -Customer integrations and local deployment models should receive their own operational documentation rather than being treated as automatic properties of the sensor. +- **Grillo Pulse and Grillo One** send health reports and seismic data in real time over Ethernet, Wi-Fi, or cellular, initiating every connection outbound. +- **Grillo Cloud** manages projects, claimed sensors, station metadata, device health, and over-the-air firmware updates. Its [SISTEM add-on](/events) adds waveforms and processes seismic data into earthquake events. +- **Seismic data** can go to Grillo or, per project, [to your own server](/dashboard/data/data-server), while health monitoring stays in Grillo Cloud. +- **Grillo Slide** works differently: devices wake on a schedule, rovers relay readings through the base over a radio mesh, and the base uploads over LTE to [Grillo Cloud for Slide](/slide-cloud). ## Related concepts @@ -89,3 +96,4 @@ Customer integrations and local deployment models should receive their own opera - [Sensor placement](/concepts/sensor-placement) - [Data quality](/concepts/data-quality) - [Earthquake early warning](/concepts/earthquake-early-warning) +- [Landslide monitoring with GNSS](/concepts/landslide-monitoring) diff --git a/docs/concepts/landslide-monitoring.md b/docs/concepts/landslide-monitoring.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d602a23 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/concepts/landslide-monitoring.md @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +--- +title: Landslide Monitoring with GNSS +--- + +# Landslide Monitoring with GNSS + +Many landslides move slowly, by millimetres or centimetres over days to months, before they move fast. Measuring that slow movement shows which ground is active, how fast it is going, and whether it is speeding up. + +Grillo Slide measures it with satellite positioning (GNSS). + +## Why ordinary GPS is not enough + +A phone or a basic GPS receiver knows its position to within a few metres. Landslide movement is far smaller than that, so it would be lost in the error. + +**RTK** (real-time kinematic) positioning removes most of that error. A **base** receiver at a known, stable point watches the same satellites as a **rover** on the moving ground. Errors from the atmosphere and the satellites affect both receivers in almost the same way, so the base sends corrections and the rover cancels them out. Over short distances this gets the rover's position relative to the base down to centimetres or better. + +When the rover has used the corrections to resolve its position precisely, it reports an **RTK Fixed** solution. Grillo Slide only uses RTK Fixed readings to measure movement. + +## Movement is measured against the base + +Every rover's movement is the change in its position relative to the base. That makes the base the reference for the whole site: + +- The base must be on **stable ground** outside the area that is moving. If the base moves, every rover appears to move by the same amount. +- The base first **surveys** its own position by averaging GNSS for several minutes. See [Survey the base](/hardware/grillo-slide/installation#survey-the-base). +- Each rover's first valid reading is its **baseline**, its zero. Later readings are reported as movement east, north, and up from that baseline, in millimetres. + +If a device is moved on purpose, reset its baseline so the move is not counted as ground movement. See [Reset the movement baseline](/slide-cloud/sites-and-devices#reset-the-movement-baseline). + +## Reading the results + +- **Single readings scatter.** Each reading includes a little noise, up to about 2 cm on Grillo Slide. Judge movement from the trend over many readings, not from one point. +- **Vertical is noisier than horizontal.** GNSS measures height less precisely than horizontal position, so expect more scatter in the up component. +- **RTK Fixed is about the solution, not the site.** It shows the receiver resolved its position, not that the installation is free of errors. A loose mount, a shifting antenna, or nearby reflections can still produce false movement. +- **Steady drift, steps, and acceleration mean different things.** Steady drift suggests creep; a sudden step can be real movement or a disturbed device; a rate that keeps increasing deserves urgent attention from a geotechnical specialist. + +## What affects quality + +| Factor | Effect | What to do | +|---|---|---| +| Sky view | Trees, walls, and steep slopes block satellites | Place antennas with as open a sky as possible | +| Reflections | Signals bouncing off nearby surfaces bias the position | Keep antennas away from metal, rock faces, and buildings | +| Mounting | A mount that leans, settles, or vibrates looks like movement | Use rigid, deep mounts; fix antennas firmly | +| Distance to base | Corrections are less exact far from the base | Keep rovers within the site, near the base | +| Snow, ice, and vegetation | Can cover antennas or tilt mounts | Inspect after storms and seasonal change | + +## How often to measure + +Grillo Slide takes a reading every 6 hours. That suits slow-moving slopes, where the trend over days and weeks matters most, and lets devices run from a battery and solar panel. It is not designed to catch a sudden failure as it happens; that needs continuous sensors and a dedicated warning system. + +## Using the data responsibly + +Movement data supports decisions; it does not make them. Interpret it with a geotechnical engineer or geologist who knows the site, and set any response thresholds with them. Grillo Slide does not currently send movement alerts. + +## Related guides + +- [Grillo Slide](/hardware/grillo-slide) +- [Install Grillo Slide on site](/hardware/grillo-slide/installation) +- [Sites and Devices](/slide-cloud/sites-and-devices) +- [Export Data](/slide-cloud/exports), including raw GNSS files for your own processing diff --git a/docs/concepts/seismic-networks.md b/docs/concepts/seismic-networks.md index f94a372..f719fa1 100644 --- a/docs/concepts/seismic-networks.md +++ b/docs/concepts/seismic-networks.md @@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ A network can combine different instruments: - Short-period geophones for local and regional signals - Strong-motion accelerometers for larger shaking - Dual-sensor stations such as Grillo Pulse +- Low-cost strong-motion stations such as Grillo One, useful for densifying a network where power and a network connection already exist Mixed networks can extend dynamic range and coverage, but processing needs correct station metadata, channel names, sample rates, orientation, timing, and instrument response. diff --git a/docs/concepts/sensor-placement.md b/docs/concepts/sensor-placement.md index ee313f6..9e2287d 100644 --- a/docs/concepts/sensor-placement.md +++ b/docs/concepts/sensor-placement.md @@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ title: Sensor Placement # Sensor Placement +This page is about seismic stations. For Grillo Slide, see [Landslide monitoring with GNSS](/concepts/landslide-monitoring). + A seismic station should measure motion of the ground or structure of interest while minimizing unrelated vibration. The correct site depends on the instrument and monitoring objective. ## Select a stable site @@ -71,11 +73,11 @@ Update this record whenever equipment or site conditions change. ## Verify after installation -A station is not accepted merely because it appears Online. Confirm: +A station is not accepted merely because it appears online. Confirm: 1. Current telemetry reaches the intended system. 2. Timing and station metadata are correct. -3. Waveforms are continuous and plausible. +3. Waveforms are continuous and plausible. In Grillo Cloud this needs the [SISTEM add-on](/events); otherwise check them in your own system. 4. Background noise is suitable for the monitoring objective. 5. Known local activity is recognizable and does not saturate the channel. 6. The enclosure, cables, antennas, and mount are secure. @@ -83,5 +85,7 @@ A station is not accepted merely because it appears Online. Confirm: ## Related guides - [Pulse physical installation](/hardware/grillo-pulse/physical-installation) +- [Grillo One installation](/hardware/grillo-one/setup#mount-the-sensor) +- [Grillo Slide installation](/hardware/grillo-slide/installation) - [Data quality](/concepts/data-quality) - [Pulse troubleshooting](/hardware/grillo-pulse/troubleshooting) diff --git a/sidebars.ts b/sidebars.ts index 78b6900..362ceeb 100644 --- a/sidebars.ts +++ b/sidebars.ts @@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ const sidebars: SidebarsConfig = { 'concepts/sensor-placement', 'concepts/data-quality', 'concepts/earthquake-early-warning', + 'concepts/landslide-monitoring', 'concepts/iot-approach', ], },