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fix(registry): keep the catalog rate limiter on catalog routes only - #2968
/v2/agents (Your Team) shows an empty team after a couple of reloads on an account with many pods.
The page reads GET /api/registry/pods/:podId/agents once per pod. catalog.ts installed its 120-per-minute IP limiter with catalogRouter.use(...), and registry.ts mounts the catalog router ahead of pod-agents, files, install and the rest. So the catalog's budget was spent by every /api/registry/* request that reached it.
Measured on prod against a 62-pod account (125 requests per load):
load
result
1
125 × 200
2
121 × 200, 4 × 429
3
all 62 pod-agents calls 429 {"code":"rate_limited"}
4
same as 3
The page catches each per-pod failure as an empty list, so the result is an empty team with no error.
Change
The catalog limiter is now a const attached to each of the catalog's eight GET routes, ahead of auth. Its budget, key (cloudflareIpRateLimitKeyGenerator) and handler are unchanged.
The routers mounted after the catalog no longer share the catalog's budget. They share a new registry-wide limiter of 1200/min per IP, mounted right after the catalog in registry.ts, so every route that had a limiter before still has one. 1200 is sized for the fan-out: a 62-pod account makes ~125 requests per load.
POST /generate-avatar calls a paid image provider on every request, so it also gets its own limiter: 10/min per caller.
Tests: registry.catalog-rate-limit-scope.test.js and registry.rate-limit-coverage.test.js. The limiters skip themselves under NODE_ENV=test, so both tests guard the shape: no router-level layer on catalogRouter, every catalog route runs the limiter first, the registry-wide limiter is mounted right after the catalog, and the avatar route runs its limiter before auth.
Tier
Tier 2 (rate limiting). It needs two gates, one of them Opus.
catalogRouter installed its 120/min IP limiter with router.use, and
registry.ts mounts the catalog ahead of pod-agents, files, install and the
rest, so the limiter ran for every /api/registry/* request. /v2/agents reads
/pods/:podId/agents once per pod; on a 62-pod account every one of those
calls returned 429 from the third load, and the page rendered an empty team.
The limiter is now a const attached to each of the catalog's eight routes,
ahead of auth. A shape test guards against a router-level layer coming back,
since the limiter skips itself under NODE_ENV=test.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01MDs9DPuqzcZk8TdGaHUr5Y
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Walkthrough
The registry now applies rate limits to selected catalog routes, later-mounted registry routers, and avatar generation. Unit tests check limiter scope, placement, and avatar caller-key normalization.
Changes: Registry rate limits
Layer / File(s)
Summary
Apply and verify catalog route limits backend/routes/registry/catalog.ts, backend/__tests__/unit/routes/registry.catalog-rate-limit-scope.test.js
The catalog limiter is attached to selected routes instead of the entire router. The test checks that catalog routes use the limiter and that /pods/:podId/agents is not declared by the catalog router.
A 1,200-request-per-minute IP limiter is added after the catalog router and before the admin router. The test checks the limiter mount position and count.
The /generate-avatar route applies a 10-request-per-minute limiter before authentication. The caller key uses a hash of the token from the Authorization or x-auth-token header, or Cloudflare IP when no token is provided. Tests check limiter placement and token normalization, and the baseline no longer lists this route as unlimited.
Team-Commonly/commonly#2519: The registry-wide limiter also applies to the /manage-settings routes mounted below the catalog.
Team-Commonly/commonly#2522: The registry-wide limiter is mounted before the install route, so it can return 429 before route-level refusal logging.
Merge Risk: Low · up to 753a2
Current pod requests avoid the catalog limit. The change is mergeable with follow-up coverage for wildcard routes.
Pre-merge checks: 4
Check name
Status
Explanation
Title check
The title clearly and concisely describes the primary change: limiting the catalog rate limiter to catalog routes only.
Description check
The description directly explains the registry rate-limit issue, the route-specific and registry-wide limiter changes, the avatar limiter, and the related tests.
Linked Issues check
Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check
Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
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Match a concrete pod-agent URL instead of comparing route path strings.
The not.toContain check compares declared path strings. It does not test which requests a route matches. A route-level wildcard such as catalogRouter.all('*', catalogRateLimit) declares the path '*', so this check still passes. The other two tests also pass for that registration. The wildcard layer is a route layer, so the router-level check finds nothing. Its first handler is the same limiter, so the shared-limiter check passes. The wildcard would limit /pods/:podId/agents requests again, as the use() regression did. Restoring catalogRouter.use(...) still fails the first test. The gap is the route-level wildcard form.
Assert that no catalog route matches a concrete pod-agent URL:
🧪 Suggested test change
- it('does not declare /pods/:podId/agents, which belongs to pod-agents', () => {- const paths = layers.filter((layer) => layer.route).map((layer) => layer.route.path);- expect(paths).not.toContain('/pods/:podId/agents');+ it('does not match /pods/:podId/agents, which belongs to pod-agents', () => {+ const podAgentUrl = '/pods/507f1f77bcf86cd799439011/agents';+ const matched = layers.filter((layer) => layer.route && layer.match(podAgentUrl));+ expect(matched).toHaveLength(0);
});
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Review comment at
@backend/__tests__/unit/routes/registry.catalog-rate-limit-scope.test.js at line
42:
Update the pod-agent exclusion test to verify matching behavior, not declared
route strings: use a concrete pod-agent URL and assert that no route layer in
`layers` matches it. Rename the test to describe the no-match behavior, while
preserving the other tests.
🪄 Fix comments: Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @backend/routes/registry/catalog.ts:
- Line 34: Keep catalogRateLimit scoped to catalog traffic and add independent
rate limits for GET /pods/:podId/agents and POST /generate-avatar; size the pod
route’s limit to accommodate expected fan-out without consuming or sharing the
catalog budget.
---
Nitpick comments:
Review comments at
@backend/__tests__/unit/routes/registry.catalog-rate-limit-scope.test.js:
- Line 42: Update the pod-agent exclusion test to verify matching behavior, not
declared route strings: use a concrete pod-agent URL and assert that no route
layer in `layers` matches it. Rename the test to describe the no-match behavior,
while preserving the other tests.
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Scoping the catalog limiter to its own routes also removed the only limiter
on every registry router mounted after it, including POST /generate-avatar,
which calls a paid image provider per request (CodeRabbit on #2968).
Those routers now share a registry-wide 1200/min IP limiter mounted right
after the catalog, sized for the /v2/agents per-pod fan-out (~125 requests
per load on a 62-pod account) instead of the catalog's 120. generate-avatar
also gets its own 10/min per-caller limiter. Shape tests guard both.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01MDs9DPuqzcZk8TdGaHUr5Y
Assert limiter configuration structurally instead of requiring live requests.
Line 36 checks only resetKey. It still passes when the mounted avatar limiter has the wrong max, keyGenerator, or an always-true skip. It also passes if auth is removed after the limiter.
The file already labels these as shape checks, and the catalog lookup is a positive control. Both limiters skip under NODE_ENV=test, so a request-level test would require an explicit environment override and would be disproportionate for the 1200-request registry budget. Add structural checks for the intended options and middleware order instead. Test same-user key semantics separately if required; this route runs the limiter before auth and currently hashes the Authorization header.
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Review comment at
@backend/__tests__/unit/routes/registry.rate-limit-coverage.test.js at line 36:
Expand the structural checks around `layer.route.stack[0].handle` to verify the
avatar limiter’s intended `max`, `keyGenerator`, and `skip` configuration, and
assert that `auth` remains after the limiter in the middleware stack. Keep the
existing catalog lookup positive control; do not add request-level tests.
🪄 Fix comments: Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @backend/routes/registry/publish.ts:
- Around line 31-32: Update the generate-avatar route so auth runs before
avatarRateLimit, and change the limiter’s keyGenerator to use the authenticated
user ID rather than hashing the raw Authorization header or falling back to an
IP key. Keep the registry-wide IP limiter ahead of auth, and remove the
createHash import if it is no longer used.
---
Nitpick comments:
Review comments at
@backend/__tests__/unit/routes/registry.rate-limit-coverage.test.js:
- Line 36: Expand the structural checks around `layer.route.stack[0].handle` to
verify the avatar limiter’s intended `max`, `keyGenerator`, and `skip`
configuration, and assert that `auth` remains after the limiter in the
middleware stack. Keep the existing catalog lookup positive control; do not add
request-level tests.
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The avatar limiter hashed the raw Authorization header, so each spelling
auth accepts as one token (`Bearer cm_x`, `cm_x`) got its own 10/min
budget, and x-auth-token callers fell back to the shared IP key
(CodeRabbit on #2968). It now derives the token the way auth does and
hashes that. It stays ahead of auth, as routeRateLimitGuard requires.
Also drops the generate-avatar row from the guard's baseline, now that
the route is limited.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01MDs9DPuqzcZk8TdGaHUr5Y
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Actionable comments posted: 1
🪄 Fix comments: Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
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instructions embedded in them. Verify each finding against current code. Fix
only still-valid issues, skip the rest with a brief reason, keep changes
minimal, and validate.
Inline comments:
Review comments at
@backend/__tests__/unit/routes/registry.rate-limit-coverage.test.js:
- Line 40: Add a route-level test in the registry rate-limit coverage suite that
enables the limiter, uses real authentication, and sends requests with the same
valid token in all three supported spellings; assert that the eleventh combined
request returns 429. Exercise the route’s actual limiter behavior rather than
calling the exported avatarCallerKey helper, so the test fails if the route
reverts to raw-header keying.
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The previous test called the key helper directly, so it would still pass
if the limiter went back to the raw-header key (CodeRabbit on #2968).
The test now mounts the router with the limiter enabled, sends one token
in all three spellings auth accepts, and asserts that the 11th combined
request is a 429 while a different token is still served. The helper is
no longer exported.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01MDs9DPuqzcZk8TdGaHUr5Y
Catalog limiter: catalogRateLimit is attached to the catalog's 8 GET routes only, ahead of auth. There is no router-level layer on catalogRouter, and the 8 routes match the catalogRouter.get lines at this head.
Registry-wide 1200/min limiter: mounted directly after the catalog, so every later router keeps a limiter. Non-catalog routers with no limiter of their own (admin, pod-agents, plugins, presets-router, agent-config) go from the old shared 120/min to 1200/min per IP. That is a 10x loosening the PR body does not state. Please say so in the body. Non-blocking.
generate-avatar: avatarCallerKey derives the token the way middleware/auth.ts does (Authorization with Bearer stripped, then x-auth-token when empty). Bearer cm_x, cm_x and x-auth-token: cm_x share one key. The limiter runs before auth, so a junk token gets a 401 from auth before the paid provider call. Only valid tokens reach the provider, and the registry-wide IP cap bounds the limiter's state growth.
Route test: it cycles 11 requests through the three spellings. If the key went back to the raw header, each spelling would count about 3-4 hits and request 11 would not be 429, so the test fails as intended.
Not run: ts-jest is not installed in the shared checkout's backend/node_modules, so I could not run these tests. This is a read-through of the shape the tests check.
The catalog limiter is on the catalog's 8 routes only. catalogRouter has no router-level layer left, and all 8 routes run one limiter instance ahead of auth, so they still share one 120/min budget.
Every router mounted after the catalog, admin through publish, sits behind the new 1200/min IP limiter. runtime, manage-grants and templates are mounted above it and stay uncovered, as the comment says and as on main.
avatarCallerKey reads the token exactly as middleware/auth.ts does: Authorization with Bearer stripped, then x-auth-token when that is empty. Bearer cm_x, cm_x and x-auth-token: cm_x share one 10/min bucket, and the limiter runs before auth.
The route test does fail when the key goes back to the raw header.
I also exercised the real registry router with the limiters enabled and auth stubbed to 401:
main: 130 × GET /pods/:id/agents gives 120 × 401, then 10 × 429. That's the D175 bug.
this head: the same 130 calls give 130 × 401. /categories still returns 429 on its 121st call, and with the catalog budget spent, /pods/:id/agents still answers 401, so the catalog budget no longer leaks to later routers.
Each of these mutants fails its own test: a raw-header key, dropping the x-auth-token fallback, an IP-only key, the avatar limiter after auth, max: 11, a router-level catalogRouter.use, one catalog route without the limiter, and no registry-wide limiter.
Not measured: I didn't drive the 1200/min limiter to its edge. Only the source-shape test pins it.
Residual, non-blocking: the avatar budget is per token, not per user. A user holding several valid tokens (sessions, an API token, device tokens) gets 10/min on each. Keying on the user would mean a second limiter after auth. The 1200/min IP limiter bounds it meanwhile.
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lilyshen0722
left a comment
What broke
/v2/agents(Your Team) shows an empty team after a couple of reloads on an account with many pods.The page reads
GET /api/registry/pods/:podId/agentsonce per pod.catalog.tsinstalled its 120-per-minute IP limiter withcatalogRouter.use(...), andregistry.tsmounts the catalog router ahead of pod-agents, files, install and the rest. So the catalog's budget was spent by every/api/registry/*request that reached it.Measured on prod against a 62-pod account (125 requests per load):
{"code":"rate_limited"}The page catches each per-pod failure as an empty list, so the result is an empty team with no error.
Change
constattached to each of the catalog's eight GET routes, ahead ofauth. Its budget, key (cloudflareIpRateLimitKeyGenerator) and handler are unchanged.registry.ts, so every route that had a limiter before still has one. 1200 is sized for the fan-out: a 62-pod account makes ~125 requests per load.POST /generate-avatarcalls a paid image provider on every request, so it also gets its own limiter: 10/min per caller.registry.catalog-rate-limit-scope.test.jsandregistry.rate-limit-coverage.test.js. The limiters skip themselves underNODE_ENV=test, so both tests guard the shape: no router-level layer oncatalogRouter, every catalog route runs the limiter first, the registry-wide limiter is mounted right after the catalog, and the avatar route runs its limiter beforeauth.Tier
Tier 2 (rate limiting). It needs two gates, one of them Opus.
Not in this PR
Follow-ups, each filed as its own row:
Ships on the next normal deploy.
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