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2.0 adopts the REC1/REC2 host model (ADR-119): a single ClientOptions.Endpoint selects where both REST requests and the realtime connection go, and the legacy Environment, RestHost and RealtimeHost options are removed outright, so old code fails to compile rather than silently connecting to production. - Endpoint resolves as: unset -> main.realtime.ably.net; a routing policy name -> [name].realtime.ably.net; nonprod:[name] -> [name].realtime.ably-nonprod.net; a hostname (contains '.' or '::', or is localhost) -> used as given. Default fallbacks follow the endpoint ([name].[a-e].fallback.ably-realtime[-nonprod].com) and a hostname has none. - The HTTP requester and the realtime workflow now resolve the same primary domain from ClientOptions. FullRestHost(), FullRealtimeHost(), the rest.ably.io/realtime.ably.io defaults and the <env>-[a-e]-fallback hosts go with the legacy options, and GetFallbackHosts() becomes internal. - An explicit FallbackHosts always replaces the defaults (REC2a2), and a custom Port or TlsPort no longer suppresses the default fallbacks, as the spec has no such rule. - IPv6 literal hosts are bracketed when building request and WebSocket URIs (RFC 3986 section 3.2.2). The tests move to Endpoint throughout: ABLY_ENV becomes ABLY_ENDPOINT (default nonprod:sandbox), read once and used for app provisioning and every sandbox client. Tests of the legacy host derivation are replaced by Defaults and ClientOptions cases for each endpoint form, custom FallbackHosts, and ports no longer disabling fallbacks; host-related tests tagged with clauses replaced in spec 4.0.0 are retagged. RequestFails_ErrorConnecting now expects the hostname parse error that the bracketed malformed host produces. UPDATING.md gains the migration table and the firewall allowlist note.
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No actionable comments were generated in the recent review. 🎉 ℹ️ Recent review info
WalkthroughThe client replaces environment-based host selection and separate REST and realtime host overrides with ChangesEndpoint Routing
Priority: ➖ Normal Estimated code review effort: 3 (Moderate) | ~25 minutes Change: Feature Sequence Diagram(s)sequenceDiagram
participant ClientOptions
participant Defaults
participant AblyHttpOptions
participant AblyHttpRequester
participant TransportParams
ClientOptions->>Defaults: Resolve Endpoint to primary domain and fallback hosts
AblyHttpOptions->>Defaults: Resolve options.Endpoint to HTTP Host
AblyHttpRequester->>AblyHttpRequester: Normalize Host for request URL
TransportParams->>TransportParams: Normalize Host for WebSocket URI
Merge Risk: 🔵 Low · up to
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| Check name | Status | Explanation | Resolution |
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Docstring coverage is 6.43% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 140 functions across 34 files. (1 skipped:… | Write docstrings for the functions missing them to satisfy the coverage threshold. |
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Check name Status Explanation Linked Issues check Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request. Out of Scope Changes check Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request. Description Check Check skipped - CodeRabbit’s high-level summary is enabled. Title check The title clearly and concisely describes the main change: replacing Environment, RestHost, and RealtimeHost with Endpoint.
Full details: Docstring Coverage
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Docstring coverage is 6.43% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 140 functions across 34 files. (1 skipped: 1 unsupported.)
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From endpoint names to hosts out there.
Five fallback hops, or none for names,
IPv6 gets brackets, just the same.
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @src/Ably.PubSub.Shared/Defaults.cs:
- Around line 156-158: Update the public Endpoint setter in Defaults to reject
non-null values that are empty or whitespace by throwing an ArgumentException;
continue accepting null as the unset value and preserve valid endpoint values.
Review comments at
@src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Infrastructure/AblySandboxFixture.cs:
- Line 28: Both GetSettings methods cache settings by the requested endpoint but
initialize them for the default endpoint. In
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Infrastructure/AblySandboxFixture.cs, line 28, pass
endpoint to Initialise; in unity/Assets/Tests/AblySandbox/AblySandboxFixture.cs,
line 25, replace TestEnvironmentSettings.DefaultEndpoint with endpoint in the
Initialise call.
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CHANGELOG.mdCONTRIBUTING.mdUPDATING.mdsrc/Ably.PubSub.Shared/ClientOptions.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Shared/Defaults.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Shared/Http/AblyHttpOptions.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Shared/Http/AblyHttpRequester.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Shared/HttpUtility.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Shared/Realtime/AttemptsHelpers.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Shared/Realtime/Workflows/RealtimeWorkflow.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Shared/Transport/TransportParams.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Side/Side.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.DotNET/PubSub/ClientOptionsCloneSpecs.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared.projitemssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/AuthTests/AuthSandboxSpecs.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/ClientOptionsTests.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/DefaultTests.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Http/AblyHttpRequesterSpecs.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Http/ChannelSandboxSpecs.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Http/HttpSpecs.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Http/JwtSandboxSpec.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Http/RequestSandBoxSpecs.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Http/SandboxSpecs.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/HttpUtilityTests.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Infrastructure/AblyCollectionFixture.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Infrastructure/AblySandboxFixture.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Push/PushAdminSandboxTests.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Push/PushTestHelpers.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Realtime/ConnectionSandBoxSpecs.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Realtime/ConnectionSpecs/ConnectionFallbackSpecs.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Realtime/ConnectionSpecs/ConnectionParameterSpecs.cssrc/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Realtime/RealtimeWorkflowSpecs.csunity/Assets/Tests/AblySandbox/AblyCollectionFixture.csunity/Assets/Tests/AblySandbox/AblySandbox.csunity/Assets/Tests/AblySandbox/AblySandboxFixture.csunity/Assets/Tests/AblySandbox/TestAppSetup.csunity/Assets/Tests/EditMode/AuthSpecs.csunity/Assets/Tests/PlayMode/AuthSpecs.cs
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🟡 Changes recommended
Critical endpoint propagation and Unity plugin issues, plus IPv6 push URL defects, remain unresolved.
5 open findings
What changed in this PR
This PR replaces legacy environment and host settings with unified ClientOptions.Endpoint, updating routing, fallbacks, IPv6 URL handling, tests, Unity fixtures, and documentation.
Changes:
- Adds endpoint-based primary and fallback host resolution.
- Removes legacy host/environment APIs.
- Updates HTTP, realtime, sandbox, Unity, and migration documentation.
Open findings include endpoint propagation bugs in sandbox fixtures, stale Unity plugin binaries, invalid IPv6 push URLs, and incomplete non-production firewall guidance.
| File | Reviewed change |
|---|---|
UPDATING.md |
Documents Endpoint migration and host resolution; non-production firewall domains remain omitted. |
unity/Assets/Tests/PlayMode/AuthSpecs.cs |
Migrates Unity authentication tests; requires a matching plugin binary. |
unity/Assets/Tests/EditMode/AuthSpecs.cs |
Migrates Unity authentication tests. |
unity/Assets/Tests/AblySandbox/TestAppSetup.cs |
Updates sandbox endpoint documentation. |
unity/Assets/Tests/AblySandbox/AblySandboxFixture.cs |
Updates Unity sandbox setup; requested endpoints are not propagated during initialization. |
unity/Assets/Tests/AblySandbox/AblySandbox.cs |
Renames sandbox endpoint parameters. |
unity/Assets/Tests/AblySandbox/AblyCollectionFixture.cs |
Adds Unity endpoint configuration; references the stale plugin binary. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Realtime/RealtimeWorkflowSpecs.cs |
Updates realtime endpoint tests. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Realtime/ConnectionSpecs/ConnectionParameterSpecs.cs |
Updates primary-host assertions. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Realtime/ConnectionSpecs/ConnectionFallbackSpecs.cs |
Updates fallback behavior tests. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Realtime/ConnectionSandBoxSpecs.cs |
Migrates sandbox realtime configuration. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Push/PushTestHelpers.cs |
Updates push URL generation; IPv6 hosts are not bracketed. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Push/PushAdminSandboxTests.cs |
Updates push sandbox URLs; IPv6 hosts are not bracketed. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Infrastructure/AblySandboxFixture.cs |
Adds endpoint-aware sandbox setup; requested endpoints are ignored during initialization. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Infrastructure/AblyCollectionFixture.cs |
Adds endpoint-based test settings. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/HttpUtilityTests.cs |
Tests IPv6 URL formatting. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Http/SandboxSpecs.cs |
Renames sandbox endpoint parameters. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Http/RequestSandBoxSpecs.cs |
Updates malformed-host expectations. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Http/JwtSandboxSpec.cs |
Derives JWT environment values from Endpoint. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Http/HttpSpecs.cs |
Updates HTTP host and fallback tests. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Http/ChannelSandboxSpecs.cs |
Updates sandbox publishing configuration. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Http/AblyHttpRequesterSpecs.cs |
Updates default URL host assertions. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/DefaultTests.cs |
Tests endpoint domain resolution. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/ClientOptionsTests.cs |
Tests endpoint and fallback options. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/AuthTests/AuthSandboxSpecs.cs |
Migrates sandbox authentication tests. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared/Ably.PubSub.Tests.Shared.projitems |
Includes HTTP utility tests. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Tests.DotNET/PubSub/ClientOptionsCloneSpecs.cs |
Updates clone coverage for removed options. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Side/Side.cs |
Updates option-copy documentation. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Shared/Transport/TransportParams.cs |
Formats IPv6 WebSocket hosts. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Shared/Realtime/Workflows/RealtimeWorkflow.cs |
Resolves realtime primary domains. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Shared/Realtime/AttemptsHelpers.cs |
Renames primary-host terminology. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Shared/HttpUtility.cs |
Adds URL-safe host formatting. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Shared/Http/AblyHttpRequester.cs |
Applies host formatting to HTTP URLs. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Shared/Http/AblyHttpOptions.cs |
Uses endpoint-derived HTTP hosts. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Shared/Defaults.cs |
Adds endpoint and fallback resolution. |
src/Ably.PubSub.Shared/ClientOptions.cs |
Replaces legacy host APIs with Endpoint. |
CONTRIBUTING.md |
Documents endpoint-based integration tests. |
CHANGELOG.md |
Records the breaking endpoint changes. |
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- AblySandboxFixture.GetSettings (shared and Unity copies) cached settings under the requested endpoint but initialised them for the default one. Pass the endpoint through to Initialise so the cache key and the provisioned app agree. Current callers pass none, so they are unaffected. - Regenerate the Unity plugin with unity-plugins-updater.sh 2.0.0. The Unity test assemblies compile against the precompiled Ably.PubSub.Device.dll, which predated ClientOptions.Endpoint, so the updated Unity tests could not compile against it. The version stays 2.0.0; the binary also picks up the earlier 2.0 changes on the base branch. - UPDATING.md: the firewall note also lists the non-production domains used by nonprod: endpoints.
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Summary
2.0 adopts the REC1/REC2 host model (ADR-119). A single new option,
ClientOptions.Endpoint, now decides where both REST requests and the realtime connection go. The legacyEnvironment,RestHostandRealtimeHostoptions are removed outright, so code still using them fails to compile instead of silently connecting to production.This ports the equivalent ably-java change to .NET and follows its behaviour exactly: ably/ably-pubsub-java#1249
Why
environment,restHostandrealtimeHostwithendpointin spec 4.0.0 (REC1, REC2, TO3k8). It marks the old options "optional, deprecated", and SDKs with no backwards-compatibility requirement may drop them.rest.ably.io/realtime.ably.io/[a-e].ably-realtime.comtomain.realtime.ably.net/main.[a-e].fallback.ably-realtime.com.How
EndpointresolvesClientOptions.Endpointmain.realtime.ably.netmain.[a-e].fallback.ably-realtime.com"acme"acme.realtime.ably.netacme.[a-e].fallback.ably-realtime.comnonprod:+ a name, e.g."nonprod:sandbox"sandbox.realtime.ably-nonprod.netsandbox.[a-e].fallback.ably-realtime-nonprod.com.or::, or islocalhostFallbackHostsalways replaces the defaults (REC2a2). This holds for a hostname endpoint too, and an empty array disables fallback.Port,TlsPortandTlsno longer affect the fallback set. They only choose the scheme and port.Migrating from 1.x
main.realtime.ably.netEnvironment = "sandbox"Endpoint = "nonprod:sandbox"Environment = "acme"(dedicated cluster)Endpoint = "acme"RestHost/RealtimeHost = "localhost"Endpoint = "localhost"RestHostandRealtimeHostset to the same hostEndpoint = "<that host>"RestHostandRealtimeHostset to different hostsFallbackHostsFirewalls: networks that restrict outbound traffic must now allow
*.realtime.ably.netand*.fallback.ably-realtime.com. With a non-production endpoint (nonprod:…) they must also allow*.realtime.ably-nonprod.netand*.fallback.ably-realtime-nonprod.com. UPDATING.md covers this in the new section "Choose the host withEndpoint".Breaking changes
ClientOptions.Environment,ClientOptions.RestHostandClientOptions.RealtimeHost. UseClientOptions.Endpointinstead.ClientOptions.FullRestHost()andClientOptions.FullRealtimeHost().ClientOptions.GetFallbackHosts()is nowinternal.Connection.Hoststill reports the live realtime host.main.realtime.ably.netandmain.[a-e].fallback.ably-realtime.com.PortorTlsPortno longer disables the default fallback hosts, because the spec has no such rule. To opt out, setFallbackHosts = new string[0].Behaviour notes (deliberately identical to ably-java)
nullmeans "use the defaultmain". Values are not trimmed, case-folded or otherwise validated.nonprod:prefix are case-sensitive and ordinal, exactly as REC1b2/REC1b3 are written.Endpoint = "::1"):Connection.Hoststay unbracketed.new Uri("https://::1:443/…")throws, so every REST call to an IPv6 endpoint would fail.What changed
SDK (
src/Ably.PubSub.Shared)Defaults.cs:Endpoint = "main", plusGetPrimaryDomain(endpoint)(REC1) andGetEndpointFallbackHosts(endpoint)(REC2c).FallbackHostsis now derived from the default endpoint.RestHost,RealtimeHost, thea..e.ably-realtime.comlist andGetEnvironmentFallbackHosts.ClientOptions.cs:Endpoint.Environment,RestHost,RealtimeHost,FullRestHost(),FullRealtimeHost(),IsProductionEnvironmentandIsDefaultPort.GetFallbackHosts()is nowinternal. It returns a copy of the explicitFallbackHosts, or the endpoint defaults whenFallbackHostsis not set.Clone()copiesEndpoint.Http/AblyHttpOptions.csandRealtime/Workflows/RealtimeWorkflow.cs: both resolve the same primary domain throughDefaults.GetPrimaryDomain(options.Endpoint).HttpUtility.cs: a new internalHostForUrl(host)(RFC 3986 §3.2.2), used byAblyHttpRequester.GetRequestUrlandTransportParams.GetUri.Realtime/AttemptsHelpers.cs: parameter renamed toprimaryDomain, and the comment retagged RTN17a → RTN17i.src/Ably.PubSub.Side/Side.cs: doc comment only.The HTTP retry, RSC15f fallback caching and RTN17e logic is unchanged. It only consumes the resolved hosts.
Tests
Unit tests, ported from Java's tests:
DefaultTestsDefaultsTestClientOptionsTestsHostsTestHttpUtilityTestsHttpUtilsTestHttpSpecs(HostSpecsand fallback specs)HttpInitTest/HttpTestRealtime unit tests:
ConnectionFallbackSpecs,ConnectionParameterSpecsandRealtimeWorkflowSpecsmove toEndpointand the new default host.WithCustomPortAndError_…(a custom port disabling fallbacks)WithCustomEnvironmentAndError_…(Environment)Spec tags: tests tagged with clause IDs that spec 4.0.0 replaced are retagged:
Sandbox fixtures (mirroring Java's
Setup):ABLY_ENVbecomesABLY_ENDPOINT, defaulting tononprod:sandbox.https://sandbox.realtime.ably-nonprod.net/apps.environmentparameter is derived from the endpoint.RequestSandBoxSpecs.RequestFails_ErrorConnecting:"fake.host:54321". Bracketing turns it into[fake.host:54321], so the URI error message changes from "Invalid port specified" to "The hostname could not be parsed".InternalError, as before.Unity:
unity/Assets/Testsget the same edits.unity/Assets/Ably/Plugins/Ably.PubSub.Device.dll. That plugin is regenerated in this PR with./unity-plugins-updater.sh 2.0.0(version unchanged), so the sources and the binary match.PublishResult.Docs
Endpoint", with the migration and resolution tables, a before/after example and the firewall note.ABLY_ENDPOINT=nonprod:staging.Validation
All runs used the Cake build, as CI does:
./build.sh --target=Build.NetStandard(Release, StyleCop as errors)Test.NetStandard.Unit.WithRetry --framework=net6.0ChannelsSpecs.ReleaseAll_ShouldRemoveChannelWhenDetached, passed on retry)Test.NetStandard.Unit.WithRetry --framework=net7.0Test.NetStandard.Integration.WithRetry --framework=net6.0againstnonprod:sandboxNotes on the test runs:
https://sandbox.realtime.ably-nonprod.net/apps, and that works.ablyUrl, so I also ran it in isolation on this branch and on the base commit. It passed twice on each.ConnectionFailureSpecs.WhenInDisconnectedState_ReconnectUsingIncrementalBackoffTimeoutsometimes fails on its wall-clock backoff timings. It fails the same way on the base commit (c422c2ac), so it is not caused by this change.src/andunity/, against 163 on the base commit.Out of scope (same as ably-java)
connectivityCheckUrl. The internet-check URL stays hard-coded.Endpointvalues. A value containing a scheme or port is not rejected.Reviewer checklist
GetFallbackHosts()becoming internal. Java never exposed resolved hosts.Port/TlsPortno longer disables default fallbacks. This follows the spec and Java.Summary by CodeRabbit
Breaking Changes
ClientOptions.Endpointinstead of the former environment and separate REST/realtime host options. Endpoints can be routing-policy names or hostnames; hostname endpoints do not receive default fallback hosts.mainendpoint, with fallback hosts derived from the selected endpoint unless explicitly configured.Bug Fixes
Documentation