fix(inflection): correct -ves singularization (derives -> derife) and audit the rule table

[pyramation]

Summary

inflection.singular('derives') returned derife — which is what named Derife in constructive-db's generated SDK/CLI — because the rule table carries the Rails-derived ([^fo])ves$ -> \1fe. The rule is backwards: -ves normally just drops the s, and the f/fe stems are the exception. So the generic rule is inverted and the stems are enumerated, in inflection_rules/fixtures/1589249334312_fixture.sql:

-('singular', '([lr])ves$', E'\1f'),      -- valves -> valf, solves -> solf
-('singular', '([a])ves$',  E'\1ve'),
-('singular', '([^fo])ves$', E'\1fe'),    -- derives -> derife, olives -> olife
+('singular', 'selves$', E'self'), ('singular', 'knives$', E'knife'), ... ('singular', 'wolves$', E'wolf'),
+('singular', 'ves$', E've'),             -- derives -> derive, valves -> valve

The stems are matched as whole words / compound tails rather than bare suffix groups: a (li)ves$ group also fires on olives -> olife, (el)ves$ on delves -> delf, and (c)leaves$ on cleaves -> cleaf — hence the (^|[^o])lives$ / (^|[^c])leaves$ forms. Plural is symmetric: only a stem takes -ves, everything else falls through to the final $ -> s rule (cafe -> cafes, roof -> roofs, belief -> beliefs).

Three more bugs found while sweeping the table against the full 104k-word wamerican dictionary (dictionary as oracle: output must be a real word, and plural→singular→plural must round-trip):

• ((a)naly|(b)a|...)ses$ -> \1\2sis — PostgreSQL numbers those nested groups differently from node.js inflection, so analyses -> analyasis. Flattened to (analy|ba|diagno|...)ses$ -> \1sis.
• ([m|l])ice$ -> \1ouse — the character class also matches a literal |, so police -> polouse, service -> servouse, chalice -> chalouse. Anchored to ^(m|l|dorm|titm|woodl)ice$ with ice$ guarded as already-singular; ditto ([m|l])ouse$, which turned spouse -> spice and blouse -> blice.
• No English plural ends in us, but s$ -> '' stripped them: census -> censu, radius -> radiu. Added a us$ guard, preceded by a rule for the -u nouns whose plural genuinely is -us (menus -> menu, haikus -> haiku), plus focuses -> focus and lenses -> lens.

The -is guard has to stay anchored. The same reasoning suggests a blanket ('singular', 'is$', NULL) + ('plural', 'is$', E'ises'), and that is true of English words but not of identifiers: constructive-db's platform schema has a table named apis, so those two rules stopped singular('apis') from reaching api and made plural('apis') = apises, renaming generated objects downstream (apis_pkey -> apises_pkey, tg_apis_catalog_sync -> tg_apises_catalog_sync). The plural rule is dropped; the singular guard is sis$ (analysis/basis/thesis/diagnosis) plus an anchored ^(iris|chassis|axis|oasis|...)$ word list, so no guard can ever suffix-match an identifier.

Rule placement matters generally: inflection.singular/plural loop over an unordered SELECT ... WHERE type=$1, so evaluation order is the fixture's insertion order — every guard above is inserted ahead of the generic fallback it must beat.

The matching JS fix is constructive-io/dev-utils#99 (inflekt, merged); over ~9.6k common words the two implementations agree on all but 41 singulars, each a lexical case only inflekt's dictionary-generated table can know (cookies -> cookie not cooky, invariants like jeans/gas/atlas) or an uncountable only the SQL side lists.

__tests__/inflection.test.ts goes 110 -> 151 cases, covering the -ves families in both directions, -ice, -is/-us, analyses, apis, and dotted identifiers (metaschema_public.derives). sql/pgpm-inflection--0.33.0.sql is regenerated with pgpm package; the version is untouched.

Consumer-side vendor sync (and the end-to-end check that generated platform modules no longer drift): constructive-io/constructive-db#2624.

Link to Devin session: https://app.devin.ai/sessions/60b2dc2dcb71403f9388d9785a9a78cf
Requested by: @pyramation

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