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feat(wallets): add Azure Key Vault signer - #228

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@aelmanaa aelmanaa commented Sep 28, 2026 •

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Depends on alloy-rs/alloy#4267 (new alloy-signer-azure crate). Until it is merged and released, alloy-signer-azure is patched from my alloy fork via git, with a temporary deny.toml entry; both will be replaced by the release before merging.

Adds an azure-key-vault feature to foundry-wallets with an --azure option for single and multi-wallet signing, backed by alloy-signer-azure (alloy-rs/alloy#4267), as requested in foundry-rs/foundry#17112. The key is selected with AZURE_KEY_VAULT_KEY_ID, or the comma-separated AZURE_KEY_VAULT_KEY_IDS for multiple wallets, mirroring AWS_KMS_KEY_ID(S); the two now share one parser, which also ignores whitespace and empty entries in the AWS list.

The Azure SDK for Rust has no default credential chain, so from_azure resolves credentials once per process from a service principal secret, then workload identity, then the Azure CLI or Azure Developer CLI, then a managed identity. The managed identity is tried last with a 10 second timeout because its endpoint can accept connections without answering outside Azure, where the SDK would otherwise retry it for over a minute, and it is skipped where it is unsupported, such as Azure Cloud Shell. The first working source is reused for later token requests.

I tested it end to end against a real Key Vault with both an Azure CLI login and a service principal, including cast send and forge script --broadcast on Sepolia (details in foundry-rs/foundry#17112). alloy-signer-azure is patched from git until it is released; the patch and the matching deny.toml entry would be replaced by the release before merging. The change also adds the missing Google Cloud KMS entry to the MultiWalletOpts doc list.

This PR was written primarily with Claude Code; I reviewed it and ran the end-to-end test against a real Azure Key Vault.

Part of foundry-rs/foundry#17112.

@mablr

mablr commented Sep 29, 2026

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converted to draft, pending alloy-rs/alloy#4267

aelmanaa added a commit to aelmanaa/hardhat-kms that referenced this pull request Oct 3, 2026
)

Closes #218
Closes #221

## What changes

**Ignition guide (#218).** `docs/user/guides/deploy-with-ignition.md`:

- Step 1's config adds `rehearsalCli: { type: "edr-simulated" }`, a
network with no KMS keys, and step 3's `--kms` command passes `--network
rehearsalCli`. The page says why it does not use `rehearsal`: that
network already lists `deployer`, and the same key passed twice is an
error (decision 0008). An earlier revision ran `--kms` without
`--network`; that works but prints the plugin's warning against KMS keys
on `default`, so review moved it to a named network.
- `configuration.md`: the default-network warning sentence now says it
also fires for `--kms` without `--network`.
- Step 1 shows `contracts/Counter.sol`, byte for byte the same as
`examples/ignition/contracts/Counter.sol`.
- Step 1's config adds a `sepoliaFork` network (`forking: { url:
configVariable("SEPOLIA_RPC_URL") }`), and step 3 shows the command that
rehearses on it. Step 2's account-index sentence now names both
simulated networks.

**Foundry's Azure signer (#221).** Foundry has no released Azure Key
Vault signer. Checked with `gh` on 2026-10-03:

- foundry-rs/foundry#17120: open, draft. foundry-rs/foundry-core#228:
open, draft.
- Latest release: v1.8.4 (2026-10-01). Its notes do not mention Azure.

The pages that said or implied a released `--azure` now say the Azure
variable names and credential order follow the proposal in #17120, and
link it: `migrate-from-foundry.md` (intro sentence plus a note under the
variables table), `azure-key-vault-setup.md` (the one Foundry sentence
in step 3), `configuration.md` (the `--kms` paragraph and the Azure
credential chain) and `multiple-keys.md` (the `--kms` intro). The `--kms
azure` behaviour is unchanged. Decision 0008 already qualifies the Azure
names as following the open PRs, so it is unchanged.

The same fix in code (second commit):

- The `--kms` option's help text now reads: "Load KMS keys from
environment variables for these providers: aws, gcp, azure
(comma-separated). aws and gcp use Foundry's variables; azure uses the
names proposed in foundry-rs/foundry#17120". `npx hardhat --help` shows
the new text. No test or doc quotes it. A `hardhat-kms` patch changeset
covers it.
- The `KmsOption` TSDoc in `packages/hardhat-kms/src/type-extensions.ts`
says the same. `pnpm run docs:api` regenerated no page, because the API
reference does not include this global-option augmentation.
- The comments in
`packages/hardhat-kms-azure/src/internal/credential.ts` (credential
order) now refer to the signer proposed in foundry-rs/foundry#17120. The
`adapter.ts` comment on the `kid` check now names alloy's Azure signer
(alloy-rs/alloy#4267, merged 2026-09-30), whose `sign` checks the
response's key version (`crates/signer-azure/src/signer.rs:316` at
`3834f7e`). Comment changes need no changeset.
- The two "another order than Foundry's" comparisons
(`hook-handlers/kms.ts:49`, `scripts/type-escapes.json`) are unchanged:
they compare orders and claim no release.

## Evidence

Run on 2026-10-03 from this branch: `pnpm run build`, then `pnpm pack`
of `hardhat-kms` and `@hardhat-kms/aws` into a new Hardhat 3 project
(hardhat 3.18.1, hardhat-ignition 3.1.8, hardhat-ignition-viem 3.1.6,
Node 24). The project's `hardhat.config.ts`, `contracts/Counter.sol` and
both Ignition modules were extracted from the guide's code blocks by a
script. The one change was `keyId: "alias/deployer"`, replaced with a
`configVariable` that names an existing AWS test key (a diff confirmed
that this was the only difference). `--kms` runs set `AWS_KMS_KEY_ID` to
the same key. Simulated networks only: no live broadcast, no funds.
Addresses masked.

| Command (guide step) | Result |
| --- | --- |
| `kms accounts --network rehearsal` | `deployer aws kms.keys 0x<addr>`
|
| `ignition deploy …Counter.ts --network rehearsal --default-sender
0x<addr>` (3) | exit 0, `[ Counter ] successfully deployed`,
`Counter.add` executed |
| `ignition deploy …Counter.ts --network sepoliaFork --default-sender
0x<addr>` (3), `SEPOLIA_RPC_URL` = a public keyless Sepolia endpoint |
exit 0, deployed, `add` executed; a script on `sepoliaFork` read block
11836750, so the fork reads Sepolia |
| `AWS_KMS_KEY_ID=… ignition deploy …Counter.ts --network rehearsalCli
--kms aws --default-sender 0x<addr>` (3, new) | exit 0, deployed, `add`
executed, no plugin warning |
| `ignition deploy …CounterFromKms.ts --network rehearsal` (2,
`m.getAccount(20)`) | exit 0, deployed |
| The old step 3 command, `--network rehearsal --kms aws` | exit 1, as
the page now says: `aws, load accounts: AWS_KMS_KEY_ID is already
networks.rehearsal.kmsAccounts[0] ("deployer"); use one of them` |

`Counter.add` requires `msg.sender == owner`, so each executed `add`
shows that the KMS account deployed the contract and sent the call. The
`sepolia` commands in steps 2 and 4, and the script in step 2, broadcast
to Sepolia, so they were not run.

CI already covers `--kms aws` on a network without `kmsAccounts`: the
examples test
(`packages/hardhat-kms-aws/test/examples/examples.test.ts`) runs
`ignition deploy --network localhost --kms aws --default-sender` against
LocalStack. No test change was needed.

Gates: `pnpm run docs:check` (53 pages, snippets typecheck), `pnpm run
check` and `pnpm test` (1,567 tests, 0 failures) pass. The prose slop
gate reports 0 findings.

## AI use

An AI coding agent (Claude Code) wrote the changes and ran the checks
above. A maintainer reviews the PR before merge.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
aelmanaa and others added 2 commits October 18, 2026 17:04
Add an `azure-key-vault` feature and an `--azure` wallet option backed by
`alloy-signer-azure`. Keys are selected with `AZURE_KEY_VAULT_KEY_ID`, or
`AZURE_KEY_VAULT_KEY_IDS` for multiple wallets.

The Azure SDK has no default credential chain, so credentials are resolved
from a client secret, workload identity, the Azure CLI, and then a managed
identity with a timeout, since its endpoint may not answer outside Azure.

The comma-separated key ID parsing is shared with AWS KMS and now ignores
whitespace and empty entries.

`alloy-signer-azure` is patched from git until it is released.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
@aelmanaa
aelmanaa force-pushed the feat/azure-key-vault-signer branch from 30544e0 to d110209 Compare October 18, 2026 15:05
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