Link static libtiff dependencies

[hholst80]

What changed

This updates the Pillow source build to include libtiff's pkg-config static link dependencies when the detected TIFF library is an archive.

For dynamic libtiff builds, behavior is unchanged. For static-only libtiff builds, Pillow now reads pkg-config --libs --static for the libtiff module that resolved TIFF_ROOT, adds its -L directories, appends private -l dependencies after -ltiff, and passes through other linker flags such as -pthread.

Why

On systems with /usr/lib/libtiff.a but no libtiff.so, Pillow previously linked PIL._imaging with -ltiff -ljpeg -lz only. The build succeeded, but importing PIL._imaging failed with unresolved libtiff private dependency symbols such as ZSTD_compressStream.

Addresses #9615.

Validation

Reproduced before the fix on a host with:

• /usr/lib/libtiff.a
• no libtiff.so*
• pkg-config --libs libtiff-4 -> -ltiff
• pkg-config --libs --static libtiff-4 -> -ltiff -lzstd -lm -lzstd -llzma -pthread -lpthread -ljpeg -lz

After the fix:

• MAX_CONCURRENCY=1 python -m pip install -v --no-build-isolation -C tiff=enable .
• python -c "import PIL._imaging"
• python selftest.py -> 59 tests passed

[hholst80]

Validated that it does not mess up a so Ubuntu 24.04 normy build:

  docker run --rm -v /tmp/repro:/src -w /src ubuntu:24.04 bash -lc '
  set -eux
  rm -rf build src/pillow.egg-info
  apt-get update
  DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends build-essential python3-dev python3-venv python3-pip pkg-config libtiff-dev libjpeg-dev zlib1g-dev libfreetype6-dev liblcms2-dev libwebp-dev libopenjp2-7-dev libimagequant-dev libraqm-dev libxcb1-dev binutils file ca-certificates
  python3 -m venv /tmp/pillow-pr9635-venv
  /tmp/pillow-pr9635-venv/bin/python -m pip install -U pip setuptools wheel pybind11
  MAX_CONCURRENCY=2 /tmp/pillow-pr9635-venv/bin/python -m pip install -v --no-build-isolation --no-cache-dir .
  so=$(/tmp/pillow-pr9635-venv/bin/python -c "import PIL._imaging, pathlib; print(pathlib.Path(PIL._imaging.__file__))")
  printf "SO=%s\n" "$so"
  /tmp/pillow-pr9635-venv/bin/python -c "from PIL import features; import PIL, pathlib; print(\"Pillow\", PIL.__version__); print(\"libtiff feature\", features.check(\"libtiff\")); print(\"libtiff version\", features.version(\"libtiff\")); print(\"PIL package\", pathlib.Path(PIL.__file__).parent)"
  file "$so"
  readelf -d "$so" | egrep "NEEDED|RPATH|RUNPATH" || true
  ldd "$so" | egrep "tiff|jpeg|z|lzma|zstd|webp|jbig|deflate|not found" || true
  '

[...]
Successfully built pillow
Installing collected packages: pillow
Successfully installed pillow-12.3.0.dev0
++ /tmp/pillow-pr9635-venv/bin/python -c 'import PIL._imaging, pathlib; print(pathlib.Path(PIL._imaging.__file__))'
+ so=/tmp/pillow-pr9635-venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/_imaging.cpython-312-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
+ printf 'SO=%s\n' /tmp/pillow-pr9635-venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/_imaging.cpython-312-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
SO=/tmp/pillow-pr9635-venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/_imaging.cpython-312-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
+ /tmp/pillow-pr9635-venv/bin/python -c 'from PIL import features; import PIL, pathlib; print("Pillow", PIL.__version__); print("libtiff feature", features.check("libtiff")); print("libtiff version", features.version("libtiff")); print("PIL package", pathlib.Path(PIL.__file__).parent)'
Pillow 12.3.0.dev0
libtiff feature True
libtiff version 4.5.1
PIL package /tmp/pillow-pr9635-venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL
+ file /tmp/pillow-pr9635-venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/_imaging.cpython-312-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
/tmp/pillow-pr9635-venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/_imaging.cpython-312-x86_64-linux-gnu.so: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, BuildID[sha1]=c0e36e40acc88ec2925237945d64481c0fa60431, with debug_info, not stripped
+ readelf -d /tmp/pillow-pr9635-venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/_imaging.cpython-312-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
+ egrep 'NEEDED|RPATH|RUNPATH'
 0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)             Shared library: [libtiff.so.6]
 0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)             Shared library: [libjpeg.so.8]
 0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)             Shared library: [libopenjp2.so.7]
 0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)             Shared library: [libz.so.1]
 0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)             Shared library: [libimagequant.so.0]
 0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)             Shared library: [libxcb.so.1]
 0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)             Shared library: [libc.so.6]
+ ldd /tmp/pillow-pr9635-venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/_imaging.cpython-312-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
+ egrep 'tiff|jpeg|z|lzma|zstd|webp|jbig|deflate|not found'
	libtiff.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so.6 (0x00007f5af17ee000)
	libjpeg.so.8 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjpeg.so.8 (0x00007f5af176b000)
	libz.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 (0x00007f5af16ee000)
	libwebp.so.7 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libwebp.so.7 (0x00007f5af1424000)
	libzstd.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libzstd.so.1 (0x00007f5af136a000)
	liblzma.so.5 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/liblzma.so.5 (0x00007f5af1338000)
	libjbig.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjbig.so.0 (0x00007f5af129f000)
	libdeflate.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdeflate.so.0 (0x00007f5af128c000)
root@neo ~
# 

[hholst80]

@radarhere who can help pull this over the finish line? are you able to merge it with main/master?

[radarhere]

Did you have any thoughts on our conversation in #9615?

[hholst80]

I've fixed the test image below so it reproduces my original failure exactly. The changes versus the version I posted in #9615:

• --with-pic added to the libtiff configure step, so the static archive is linkable into _imaging.so
• webp and lzma codecs disabled in libtiff, so zstd is the dominant private dependency and you get the same failure signature as reported in the issue
• Pillow built and imported as the final step

FROM alpine:latest AS builder

RUN apk add --no-cache \
    build-base pkgconf zlib-dev zstd-dev xz-dev curl

ENV TIFF_VERSION=4.7.1
RUN curl -fsSL "https://download.osgeo.org/libtiff/tiff-${TIFF_VERSION}.tar.gz" \
    | tar xz -C /tmp && mv /tmp/tiff-* /tmp/libtiff

WORKDIR /tmp/libtiff
RUN mkdir -p _build && cd _build \
    && ../configure \
        --prefix=/usr/local \
        --disable-shared --enable-static --with-pic \
        --disable-docs --disable-tools --disable-tests \
        --disable-contrib --disable-libdeflate \
        --disable-lerc --disable-jbig --disable-cxx \
        --disable-webp --disable-lzma \
    && make -j"$(nproc)" && make install

FROM alpine:latest
RUN apk add --no-cache \
    pkgconf build-base python3-dev py3-pip linux-headers binutils \
    zlib-dev zstd-dev xz-dev libjpeg-turbo-dev
COPY --from=builder /usr/local/lib/libtiff.a /usr/local/lib/
COPY --from=builder /usr/local/include/ /usr/local/include/
COPY --from=builder /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/ /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/
ENV PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
WORKDIR /src
COPY . /src
RUN python3 -m venv /venv \
    && /venv/bin/pip install --no-cache-dir pybind11 setuptools wheel \
    && (/venv/bin/pip install --no-build-isolation . > /build.log 2>&1 || true)
CMD ["/venv/bin/python", "-c", "import PIL._imaging; print('IMPORT_OK')"]

On this PR this works. Build and import should print IMPORT_OK.

[radarhere]

passes through other linker flags such as -pthread.

Bear with me if this is a silly question, but is this necessary?